WT/DS206/R

28 June 2002

United States – Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Measures on Steel Plate from India

   Complaint by India

Report of the panel

 

$B!cL\

$B0F7o(B

$B?=N)9q(B

$BHo?=N)9q(B

$B;22CBh;09q(B

$B%Q%M%j%9%H(B

$B

$B7P0^(B

$B;v

$B%Q%M%k7hDj$NJ,@O(B

$B#1!%(B$B

$B#2!%(B$BK\7o#A#DD4::$K$*$1$k%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%kMxMQ$N#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$S#A#D6(DjImB0=q-6@09g@-(B

$B#3!%(B$B=$@5#1#9#3#0G/4X@GK!#7#7#6>r(B(a)$B!"#7#8#2>r(B(d)$B!"#7#8#2>r(B(e)$B$N#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$S#A#D6(DjImB0=q-6@09g@-(B

$B#4!%(B$B:G=*Ar!"#2!%#4>r!"#9!%#3>r!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#6!%#1>r!"#6!%#2>r@09g@-(B

$B#5!%(B$B#A#D6(Dj#1#5>r@09g@-(B

$B%Q%M%k$N7kO@5Z$S4+9p(B

 

$B0F7o(B

$B9]HD%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%05Z$SAj;&4X@GA

 

*$B?=N)9q(B

$B%$%s%I(B

 

*$BHo?=N)9q(B

$BJF9q(B

 

*$B;22CBh;09q(B

$B%A%j!"#E#C!"F|K\(B

 

*$B%Q%M%j%9%H(B

H.E. Mr. Tim Groser (Chairman)

Ms. Salmiah Ramli

Ms. Luz Elena Reyes de la Torre

 

*$B

$B%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%06(Dj!J@i6eI46e==;MG/$N4X@G5Z$SKG0W$K4X$9$k0lHL6(DjBhO;>r$N; Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994$B!K!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T(B($B@i6eI46e==;MG/$N4X@G5Z$SKG0W$K4X$9$k0lHL6(Dj(B; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994)

 

*$B7P0^(B

$B#2#0#0#0(B$BG/(B$B#1#0(B$B7n!!(B$B#4(B$BF|!!(B$B6(5DMW@A(B

$B#2#0#0#1G/!!#67n!!#7F|!!%Q%M%k@_CVMW@A(B

$B#2#0#0#1G/!!#77n#2#4F|!!%Q%M%k@_CV(B

$B#2#0#0#2G/!!#67n#2#8F|!!%Q%M%kJs9p(B

$B#2#0#0#2G/!!#77n#2#9F|!!%Q%M%kJs9p:NBr(B

 

 

$B;v

$B#1#9#9#9G/#37n#8F|(B

$B%$%s%I$J$I$KBP$9$k%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0!J0J2]4k6H$O#S#A#I#L(B(Steel Authority of India, Ltd)$B$N$_!#(B

$B#1#9#9#9G/#77n#2#9F|(B

$B>&L3>J!"%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k(B(facts available)$B$K4p$E$-%@%s%T%s%02>7hDj!#F1;~$KDd;_6(Dj(B(suspension agreement)$B$rDs0F!#(B

$B#1#9#9#9G/#87n#3#1F|(B

$BDd;_6(DjDs0F$K4X$9$k6(5D!#9g0U$K;j$i$:!#(B

$B#1#9#9#9G/#1#27n#2#9F|(B

$B>&L3>J!"%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$N$_$K4p$E$-%@%s%T%s%0:G=*7hDj!#$^$?!"#S#A#I#L$KBP$7$F$O!">pJsDs6!$K6(NO$7$J$+$C$?$H$NM}M3$G!"ITMx$J?dDj(B(adverse inferences)$B$K4p$E$-:GBg$N%^!<%8%s$r2]$9$3$H$r7hDj!#(B

$B#2#0#0#0G/#27n#1#0F|(B

$B#I#T#C!"B;327hDj!#>&L3>J!"#A#DA

$B!](B

$B#S#A#I#L$O!"#C#I#T!J9q:]KG0W:[H==j(B; Court of International Trade$B!K$K$F!">&L3>J$N%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%kE,MQ$J$I$K4X$9$kAJ>Y$rDs5/!#(B

$B!](B

$B#C#I#T$O!">&L3>J$NK!Na2r(reasonable construction of the statute)$B!W$G>&L3>J$N!VItJ,E*$J%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$NE,MQ$rG'$a$J$$D9G/$N479T(B(long standing practice of limiting the use of partial facts available)$B!W$K@09gE*$G$"$k$H$7$D$D!"ITMx$J?dDj$r9T$C$?:,5r$K$D$$$F$N@bL@(B(explanation of USDOC$B!G(Bs decision that SAIL had failed to act to the best of its ability, which was the predicate for the decision to rely on adverse inferences in choosing the available facts on which SAIL$B!G(Bs dumping margin was calculated)$B$r5a$a$F>&L3>J$K:9La$7$r9T$C$?!#(B

$B#2#0#0#1G/#97n#2#7F|(B

$B>&L3>J$O!":9$7La$7$r

 

 

$B%Q%M%k7hDj$NJ,@O(B$B!J(B()$BFb$N?t;z$OCJMnHV9f!K(B

r$NBP>]HO0O(B>$B#1!%

$B0lHLE*LdBj(B

$B!!?3::4p=`$K4X$7!"%Q%M%k$O(BHot-Rolled Steel$B>e5i0QJs9p$rF'$^$($D$D!"#A#D6(Dj#1#7!%#6>r(B(i)$B$H#D#S#U!JJ6Ah2r7hN;2r!K#1#1>r$H$N4V$K$O>WFM$O$J$/(B(no conflict)$B!"$^$?#A#D6(Dj#1#7!%#6>r(B(ii)$B$O#D#S#U#1#1>r$rJd40$9$k$b$N(B(supplement)$B$G$"$k$H=R$Y$?(B(7.5-7.7)$B!#(B

$B!!N)>Z@UG$$K4X$7!"%Q%M%k$O$3$l$^$G$N479T$r3NG'$7$?(B(7.8)$B!#(B

$B@h7hLdBj(B

$B!!JF9q$O%Q%M%k$KBP$7!"%$%s%I$,Ds=P$7$?(BAlbert Hayes$BJ[8n;N$N@k@@6!=R=q(B(affidavits)$B$rL5;k$9$k$3$H$r5a$a$F$$$?(B(7.10)$B!#@k@@6!=R=q$O!"#S#A#I#L$,>&L3>J$KDs=P$7$?>pJs$N8m$j$O>&L3>J$N%3%s%T%e!<%?!<$G=$@5$7$&$k$b$N$G$"$j!"#S#A#I#L$,Ds=P$7$?>pJs$K4p$E$-%@%s%T%s%0$rG'Dj$9$k$3$H$O2DG=$G$"$C$?$H;XE&$7$F$$$?(B(7.12)$B!#%Q%M%k$O!"@k@@6!=R=q$O>&L3>J$N7hDj$K4X$9$k?7$?$J>Z5r$rDs6!$9$k$b$N$G$O$J$/(B(not introduce new $B!H(Bevidence$B!I(B relevant to the determinations made by USDOC)$B!"$`$7$m%$%s%I$N(B$B5DO@(B(argument)$B$rJd6/$9$k$b$N$G$"$k$H$7$F!"@k@@6!=R=q$rGS=|$9$k$3$H$O$7$J$+$C$?(B(declined to exclude)$B$,!"F1;~$K!"%Q%M%k$O@k@@6!=R=q$r8!F$$7$J$/$H$b7kO@$rF3$-$&$k(B(have not $B!D(B found it necessary to rely on the Hayes affidavits)$B$H=R$Y$?(B(7.13)$B!#(B

$B!!Ev;v9q$O!"JF9q$N%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$K4X$9$k!V479T(B(practice)$B!W$,%Q%M%k?3::$NBP>]$H$J$j$&$k$+H]$+$K$D$$$FAh$C$F$$$?!#%Q%M%k$O!"]$H$O$J$i$J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#-!%Q%M%k@_CVMW@A$K$*$$$F$O479T$K$D$$$FFCDj$5$l$F$*$j(B(specifically identifies)$B!"#D#S#U#6!%#2>r$K$h$l$P479T$K4X$9$k%$%s%I$N]$H$J$j$&$k(B(7.17-7.18)$B!"-"$7$+$7!"(BUS – Section 301 Trade Act$B%Q%M%k$K$h$l$P!"$"$k@)DjK!$N5,Dj$,4XO"$9$k#W#T#O6(Dj>e$N5AL3$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$+H]$+$rH=CG$9$k$K$O!"@)DjK!$r1?MQ$7$F$$$k5!4X$NFbIt4p=`$b$7$/$O9T@/ (the Panel, in considering whether certain statutory provisions were or were not consistent with the relevant WTO obligations, considered it necessary to consider the internal criteria or administrative procedures of the agency administering the law, i.e., $B!H(Bpractice$B!I(B to reach a conclusion)$B$,!"$3$N$3$H$O%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0A]$H$J$j$&$k$H$$$&$3$H$r0UL#$7$J$$(B(this is different from a conclusion that a particular $B!H(Bgeneral practice$B!I(B can be the subject of a claim in a dispute challenging an anti-dumping measure simply because that measure was adopted based in part on the application of that practice.)(7.20)$B!"-#B?$/$N%Q%M%k$O#W#T#O6(Dj0cH?$NA(a number of panels have concluded that a statute can be found inconsistent on its face with a Member$B!G(Bs WTO obligations only if it is mandatory and requires WTO inconsistent action or prohibits WTO consistent action)$B!"9T@/5!4X$K$h$C$FJQ99$7$&$kHs5AL3E*$J!V479T!W$,#W#T#O6(Dj0cH?$H$J$j$&$k$HG'Dj$9$k$N$OE,Ev$G$J$$(B(it would be particularly anomalous to rule that a non-mandatory $B!H(Bpractice$B!I(B is inconsistent with relevant WTO obligations)(7.20)$B!"-$$"$kFCDj$N>u67$KBP$7$FFCDj$NBP1~$,7+$jJV$5$l!"$^$?>-Mh$b7+$jJV$5$l$k$HM=A[$5$l$k$+$i$H$$$C$F!"$=$N$h$&$J7+$jJV$7$,%Q%M%k?3::$NBP>]$H$J$j$&$kA(That a particular response to a particular set of circumstances has been repeated, and may be predicted to be repeated in the future, does not, in our view transform it into a measure)(7.22)$B!"-%2>$K2CLA9q$,$=$N479T$K=>$&$3$H$r5AL3IU$1$i$l$F$$$k$J$i$P!"$=$N$h$&$J479T$OA(If a Member were obligated to abide by its practice, it might be possible to deem that practice a measure)$B$,!"JF9q$K$h$l$P>&L3>J$O479T$K=>$&$3$H$r5AL3IU$1$i$l$F$$$J$$(B(7.22)$B!"-&(BUS – Export Restraints$B%Q%M%kJs9p$O!"JF9q>&L3>J$N479T$r!V2?$+$r9T$C$?$jFCDj$NA(7.23)$B!#(B

$BE12s$5$l$?

$B%$%s%I$O!"%Q%M%k@_CVMW@A$K4^$^$l$F$$$??=N)(B(claims)$B$N$$$/$D$+$K$D$$$F!"Bh#12s0U8+=q$GL@<(E*$KE12s$7$F$$$?$,!"Bh#12s%Q%M%k2q9g$N:]$K?7$?$J>pJs$r!VH/8+!W$7$?$H$7$FE12s$7$??=N)$N0lIt$r:FEYDs5/$9$k$H=R$Y$?!#JF9q$O!"$=$N?=N)$O%Q%M%k@_CV(B$BMW@A$K4^$^$l$F$$$k$H$7$F!"%$%s%I$N:FDs5/$KH?BP$7$J$+$C$?!#(B

$B$7$+$7%Q%M%k$O!"$N2CLA9q$N(7.28-7.29)$B!#(B

 

$B#2!%(B$BK\7o#A#DD4::$K$*$1$k%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%kMxMQ$N#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$S#A#D6(DjImB0=q-6@09g@-(B(Whether USDOC acted inconsistently with Article 6.8 and Annex II of the AD Agreement in resorting to use of facts available in the AD investigation in question

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"&L3>J$,#S#A#I#L$K$h$k>pJsDs6!$N0lIt$,IT==J,$G$"$C$?$3$H$rM}M3$K$9$Y$F$N>pJs$K$D$$$F%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$rMQ$$$F:G=*7hDj$r9T$C$?$3$H$O!"#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$SImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3$K0cH?$9$k$H7kO@$7$?!#-!>pJs$,#A#D6(DjImB0=q$N5,Dj!"FC$K%Q%i%0%i%U#3$N>r7o$rK~$?$9$h$&$J7A$GDs6!$5$l$F$$$k$H$-$K$O!"Ev6I$O$=$N$h$&$J>pJs$K4p$E$$$F7hDj$r9T$o$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$(B(7.55)$B!"-"#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r$,ImB0=q$N5,Dj$r=e(shall)$B$H5,Dj$7$F$$$k$3$H$+$i!"ImB0=q-6$N5,Dj$O5AL3E*$G$"$k$H9M$($i$l$k(B(7.56)$B!"-#ImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3$NJ88@$NDL>o$N0UL#$h$j!">pJs$NMWAG$=$l$>$l$,5,Dj$5$l$?>r7o$rK~$?$98B$j!"Ev6I$O$=$NMWAG$r8!F$$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$(B(it requires that every element of information submitted which satisfies the criteria set out therein must be considered by the investigating authority when making its determinations)$B$N$G$"$j!"I,MW$J>pJs$N0lIt$,Ds6!$5$l$J$+$C$?$+$i$H$$$C$FDs6!$5$l$?>pJs$N$9$Y$F$r5qH]$9$k$3$H$O$G$-$J$$(B(7.57)$B!"-$$H$O$$$(!"D4::Ev6I$O$9$Y$F$N>pJsC10L(B(each item of information)$B$rD4::$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$Lu$G$O$J$/!"Ds6!$5$l$?>pJs$r==J,$G$J$$$HH=CG$9$k:]$KImB0=q-6$N%Q%i%0%i%U#3$K4p$E$-?3::$9$l$P$h$$(B(7.58)$B!"-%>pJs$N%+%F%4%j!<$4$H$KJL!9$KH=CG$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$(B(each category of information submitted must be judged separately)$B$H$$$&%$%s%I$N(7.59)$B!"-&$"$k>pJs$,ImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3$N>r7o$rK~$?$7$F$$$J$$$H$7$F5qH]$5$l$k$H$-!"$3$l$KH<$$B>$N>pJs$b5qH]$9$k$3$H$,E,@Z$J>l9g$b$"$j$&$k(B(7.60-7.62)$B!"-'ImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#5$O!"%Q%i%0%i%U#3$N>r7o$rK~$?$7$F$J$$>pJs$G$"$C$F$b:GA1$r?T$/$7$F$$$l$PEv6I$O$3$l$r8!F$$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$$H5,Dj$7$F$$$k$H$O9M$($i$l$J$$$,!"F1;~$K0lIt$N>pJs$,L5;k$7$&$k$b$N$G$"$k$+$i$H$$$C$F$9$Y$F$N4XO">pJs$rL5;k$G$-$kLu$G$b$J$$(B(7.64-7.66)$B!"-(JF9q>&L3>J$N7hDj$G$O!"#S#A#I#L$+$iDs6!$5$l$?>pJs$N0lIt$K8m$j$,$"$C$?$3$H$,$J$$N%G!<%?!JJF9q$K$*$1$kHNGd2A3J!K$r$bL5;k$9$k$3$H$r@5Ev2=$9$k$N$+$K$D$$$F@bL@$,$5$l$F$$$J$$(B(7.67, 7.69)$B!"-)K\7o$K$*$$$FL5;k$5$l$?JF9q$K$*$1$kHNGd2A3J$K$D$$$F$N>pJs$O!"ImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3$N>r7o$rK~$?$7$F$$$k!J(B(i)$B>pJs$N$[$H$s$I$O3NG'$5$l$F$$$k(B(verfied)(7.71)$B!"(B(ii)$B>pJs$,2aEY$N:$Fq$r$b$?$i$9$3$H$J$/D4::$K;HMQ$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$+H]$+$K$D$$$F$O!">&L3>J$O7hDj$O$*$m$+8!F$$b$7$F$$$J$$(B(7.72-7.75)$B!"(B(iii)$B>pJs$,E,;~$KDs6!$5$l$J$+$C$?$3$H$r<($9>Z5r$O$J$$(B(7.76)$B!"(B(iv)$B%Q%i%0%i%U#3$O!">pJs$NG^BNKt$O%W%m%0%i%`8@8l$K$D$$$F$b8@5Z$7$F$$$k$,!">&L3>J$N7hDj$O#S#A#I#L$NDs6!$7$?>pJs$N5;=QE*$JLdBj$K8@5Z$7$F$$$J$$(B(7.77)$B!K!#(B

 

$B#3!%(B$B=$@5#1#9#3#0G/4X@GK!#7#7#6>r(B(a)$B!"#7#8#2>r(B(d)$B!"#7#8#2>r(B(e)$B$N(B$B#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$S#A#D6(DjImB0=q-6@09g@-(B(Whether Sections 776(a), 782(d) and 782(e) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, are inconsistent on their face with Article 6.8 and Annex II of the AD Agreement)

$B!!%$%s%I$O!"%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$K4X$9$kJF9qK!$=$N$b$N(B(on its face)$B$,#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$SImB0=q-6$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$b

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"r5Z$SImB0=q-6$K0cH?$7$F$$$J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#-!@hNc$K$h$j!"JF9qK!$=$N$b$N$N6(Dj0cH?$rG'Dj$9$k$K$O!"JF9qK!$,>&L3>J$KBP$7$F6(Dj$K0cH?$9$k$h$&$K9TF0$9$k$h$&(B$BMW5a$7$F$$$k(B(require)$BI,MW$,$"$k(B(7.88-7.89)$B!"-"9q:]K!>e$N86B'$K$h$j!"9q:];JK!$C$F%Q%M%k$NJF9qK!$N6(Dj@09g@-$K4X$9$k?3::$OJF9q$N9T@/5!4X5Z$S;JK!5!4X$N@)DjK!E,MQ$N86B'$r$b9MN8$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$(B(we keep in mind that it is a well accepted principle of international law that for the purposes of international adjudication national law is to be considered as a fact.  Our analysis of the consistency of the US statute with the AD Agreement takes into account, therefore, the principles of statutory interpretation applied by the administering agency and judicial authorities of the United States)(7.90)$B!"-#JF9qK!$N0cH?$rG'Dj$9$k$?$a$K$O!"JF9qK!$,#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$SImB0=q-6$GG'$a$i$l$F$$$k>l9g0J30$K$b%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$rMxMQ$9$k$3$H$r>&L3>J$KMW5a$7$F$$$k!"FC$KK\7o$K$*$$$F$O!"JF9qK!$,I,MW$J>pJs$N0lIt$,Ds6!$5$l$J$+$C$?$H$-$K$9$Y$F$N>pJs$r5qH]$7$F%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$rMxMQ$9$k$3$H$r>&L3>J$KMW5a$7$F$$$k$3$H$,>ZL@$5$l$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$$$,!"%$%s%I$bG'$a$F$$$k$h$&$K!"JF9qK!$ODs6!$5$l$J$+$C$?>pJs$K$D$$$F$N$_%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$rMxMQ$9$k2DG=@-$rGS=|$7$F$$$J$$(B(7.92-7.95)$B!"-$0lIt$N>pJs$,ITB-$7$F$$$k$H$-$K$9$Y$F$N>pJs$K4X$7$F%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$rMQ$$$k$H$$$&JF9q>&L3>J$N479T$d!"#C#I#T$,$=$N$h$&$J479T$rG'$a$F$-$?$H$$$&;v&L3>J$K6(Dj$K0cH?$9$k$h$&9TF0$9$k$3$H$rMW5a$7$F$$$J$$$H$$$&7kO@$rJQ$($k$b$N$G$O$J$$(B(7.96-7.99)$B!"(B

 

$B#4!%(B$B:G=*Ar!"#2!%#4>r!"#9!%#3>r!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#6!%#1!"#6!%#2>r@09g@-(B(Whether the final measure is inconsistent with Articles 2.2, 2.4 and 9.3 of the AD Agreement and Article V:1 and VI:2 of GATT 1994)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"$9$G$K#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$SImB0=q-60cH?$rG'Dj$7$?$N$G!"#A#D6(Dj#2!%#2>r!"#2!%#4>r!"#9!%#3>r$K4X$9$k?=N)$K$D$$$F$O8!F$$9$kI,MW$,$J$$$H=R$Y$?(B(7.103)$B!#(B

 

$B#5!%(B$B#A#D6(Dj#1#5>r@09g@-(B(Whether USDOC acted inconsistently with Article 15 of the AD Agreement)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$$$&%$%s%I$Nr$O2CLA9q$K$"$k9T0Y$r$9$kFCDj$b$7$/$O0lHLE*$J5AL3$r2]$9$b$N$G$O$J$$(B(no specific or general obligation on Members to undertake any particular action)(7.110)$B!"-"#A#D6(Dj#1#5>r$O!":G=*Ae9q$KBP$9$kG[N8$r5a$a$F$$$k$N$G$"$C$F!"ES>e9q$KB8:_$9$kM"=P(7.11)$B!"-##A#D6(Dj#1#5>rBh#2J8$N7z@_E*$J5_:QA(7.112)$B!"-$#A#D6(Dj#1#5>rBh#2J8$N!V8!F$(B(explored)$B!W$H$$$&J88@$O!"8!F$$N7k2L$K$D$$$F5-O?$9$k$3$H$r5a$a$k$b$N$G$b!"FCDj$N7k2L$rF@$k$3$H$r5a$a$k$b$N$G$b$J$/!"$^$?Dd;_6(Dj$N2DG=@-$,LO:w$5$l$?$3$H$+$iK\7o$K$*$$$F$O7z@_E*$J5_:Q$N2DG=@-$,8!F$$5$l$?$H$$$($k(B(7.113-7.115)$B!"-%%$%s%I$OK\7o$K$*$$$F$O%l%C%5!(lesser duty)$B$,E,MQ$5$l$k$Y$-$G$"$C$?$Hr$K$h$l$P%l%C%5!r$O#W#T#O6(Dj>e5AL3IU$1$i(B$B$l$F$$$J$$A(7.116)$B!#(B

$B!!$J$*!":G8e$K%Q%M%k$O!"#A#D6(Dj#1#5>r$NL@3N2=$K$D$$$F2CLA9q$,8!F$Cf$G$"$k$3$H$K8@5Z$7$?(B(7.118)$B!#(B

 

*$B%Q%M%k$N(B$B7kO@5Z$S4+9p(B

$B0J>e$h$j!"%Q%M%k$O!"JF9q>&L3>J$,JF9qHNGd2A3J$K$D$$$F$N>pJs$rMQ$$$:%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$K$N$_4p$E$$$F%@%s%T%s%0G'Dj$r$7$?$3$H$O!"#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r5Z$SImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3$K0cH?$9$k$H7kO@$7$?!#$^$?!"%U%!%/%D!&%"%Y%$%i%V%k$K4X$9$k=$@5#1#9#3#0G/#7#7#6>r(B(a)$B!"#7#8#2>r(B(d)$B5Z$S(B(e)$B$O#A#D6(Dj#6!%#8>r!"ImB0=q-6%Q%i%0%i%U#3!"#5!"#7$K0cH?$7$F$*$i$:!"$^$?>&L3>J$O#A#D6(Dj#1#5>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#(B

$B!!$^$?!">&L3>J$N!V479T!W$O%Q%M%k?3::$NBP>]$H$J$j$&$kA

$B!!$5$i$K!"%$%s%I$,E12s$7$??=N)$H!"AJ>Y7P:Q$N4QE@$+$i8!F$$9$kI,MW$,$J$$?=N)$K$D$$$F$O8!F$$7$J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#(B

 

$B%Q%M%k$O!"#D#S#U#3!%#8>r$K4p$E$-!"JF9q$N6(Dj0cH?$K$h$j%$%s%I$N6(Dj>e$NMx1W$,L58z2=!&?/32$5$l$F$$$k$H=R$Y$?!#(B

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"#D#S#B$,JF9q$KBP$7$FAe$N5AL3$K@09gE*$H$J$k$h$&@'@5$9$k$3$H$r5a$a$k$h$&4+9p$7$?!#(B

 

$B!!%$%s%I$O!"#D#S#U#1#9!%#1>r$K4p$E$-4+9p$N

 

 

©  2002  Yuka Fukunaga  All Rights Reserved