WT/DS221/R

15 July 2002

United States – Section 120(c)(1) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act

   Complaint by Canada

Report of the Panel

 

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Ms. Claudia Orozco (Chairperson)

Mr. Simon Farbenbloom

Mr. Edmond McGovern

 

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$B#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T!J@i6eI46e==;MG/$N4X@G5Z$SKG0W$K4X$9$k0lHL6(Dj(B; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade$B!K!"%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%06(Dj!J@i6eI46e==;MG/$N4X@G5Z$SKG0W$K4X$9$k0lHL6(DjBhO;>r$N; Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994$B!K!"Jd=u6b6(Dj!JJd=u6b$*$h$SAj;&A; Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures$B!K(B

 

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(c) EFFECTS OF DETERMINATIONS;  NOTICE OF IMPLE-MENTATION.—

(1)EFFECTS OF DETERMINATIONS.— Determinations concerning title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 that are implemented under this section shall apply with respect to$B!!(Bunliquidated entries of the subject merchandise (as defined in section 771 of that Act) that are entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after—

(A) in the case of a determination by the Commission under subsection (a)(4), the date on which the Trade Representative directs the administering authority under subsection (a)(6) to revoke an order pursuant to that determination, and 

(B) in the case of a determination by the administering authority under subsection (b)(2), the date on which the Trade Representative directs the administering authority under subsection (b)(4) to implement that determination.

 

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$BEv;v9q$N?=N)5Z$S(Claims and Arguments of the Parties and Analytical Approach of the Panel)

$B%Q%M%k$O!"%+%J%@$N(principal claims)$B!W!J#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#6!%#2>r!"#6!%#3>r!"#6!%#6>r(B(a)$B!"%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%06(Dj#1>r!"#9!%#3>r!"#1#1!%#1>r!"#1#8!%#1>r!"Jd=u6b6(Dj#1#0>r!"#9!%#4>r!"#2#1!%#1>r!"#3#2!%#1>r$N0cH?$K4X$9$k(consequential claims)$B!W$KJ,$+$l$k(B(6.20-6.21)$B!"-"%+%J%@$O#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B!V$=$l<+BN(B(as such)$B!W$rLdBj$H$7$F$*$j!"$7$?$,$C$F%+%J%@$O#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,Bh0l$NZ(B(establish[ing] that section 129(c)(1) mandates the United States to take action which is inconsistent with the WTO provisions which form the basis for those claims or mandate the United States no to take action which is required by those WTO provisions)$B$7$J$/$F$O$J$i$J$:!"$7$?$,$C$F%Q%M%k$O!"$^$:#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,JF9q$K%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$k$h$&$JA(section 129(c)(1) mandates that the United States take or not take the action identified by Canada)$B$+$r?3::$7!"$=$l$,>ZL@$5$l$?$J$i$=$N5AL3IU$1$i$l$F$$$k9T0Y$,%+%J%@$N5s$2$F$$$k#W#T#O6(Dj$K0cH?$9$k$+$r?3::$9$k(B (this mandated behaviour is inconsistent with the WTO provisions that it has invoked)(6.22-6.25)$B!#(B

 

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$B!J#c!K$B%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0@G$b$7$/$OAj;&4X@G$NI>2A$r9T$&(B$B$3$H(Bto assess definitive antidumping or countervailing duties with respect to $B!H(Bprior unliquidated entries$B!I(B after the implementation date pursuant to an antidumping or countervailing duty order found by the DSB to be WTO-inconsistent)

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$B!!$5$i$K!"%Q%M%k$O.1.c.(3)$B%Q%i#1$K$D$$$F$N%+%J%@$Nr$K4p$E$/7hDj$,2D5ZE*$J8z2L(B(prospective effect) $B$N$_$rM-$9$k$H$$$&$3$H$rL@3N$K=R$Y$F$$$k$,!"$3$l$O#1#2#9>r$K4p$E$/7hDj$rAL5ZE*$KE,MQ$9$k$3$H$rGS=|$9$k$b$N$G$O$J$$(B(6.100-6.102)$B!"-"F1%Q%iBh#3J8$O!"#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,AL5ZE*5_:Q$NG'$a$i$l$k#N#A#F#T#AFs9q4V%Q%M%k$H$O0[$J$k$H;XE&$7$F$$$k$,!"$3$NBh#3J8$O#1#2#9>r$K4p$E$/7hDj$,2D5ZE*$KE,MQ$5$l$k$H$$$&$3$H$r3NG'$7$F$$$k$N$_$G$"$j!"F1#1#2#9>r$K4p$E$/7hDj$,AL5ZE*$KE,MQ$5$l$k$3$H$rK8$2$k$b$N$G$O$J$$(B(6.103-6.106)$B!"-#F1%Q%iBh#4J8$O!"#1#2#9>r$K$h$j%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0@G$J$I$NE12s$,7hDj$5$l$F$b!"2a5n$NM"F~$K4X$7$F$O%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0@G$,Ij2]$5$l$k$+$b$7$l$J$$(B(would)$B$3$H$K8@5Z$7$F$$$k$,!"(B$B#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$N$?$a$K(B(because of section 129(c)(1))$B2a5n$NM"F~$K4X$7$F$O#W#T#O6(Dj0cH?$NL?Na$K4p$E$/%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%0@G$,Ij2]$5$l$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$H$$$&$o$1$G$O$J$$(B(6.107-6.110)$B!#(B

$B!!%+%J%@$O$^$?!"#S#A#A$N(BB.1.c.(5)$B%Q%i#3$K$h$l$P#1#2#9>r$OJ#?t$N2r&L3>J$O#W#T#O@09gE*$JE}0l$7$?2r(6.112-6.114)$B!#(B

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$NE,MQ$K4X$7!"M#0l$NE,MQ%1!<%9$G$"$k(BUS-Stainless Steel$B%Q%M%kJs9p$7$,9T$o$l$?$H$NJF9q$Nr(B(c)(1)$B$NE,MQ%1!<%9$b%+%J%@$N(6.118-6.121)$B!#(B

$B!!0J>e$+$i!"%Q%M%k$O!"#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B5Z$S#S#A#A$,!"%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kAZL@$5$l$J$+$C$?$H7kO@$7$?!#(B

 

$B"(;29M!'#S#A#A$N(BB.1.c.(3)$B%Q%i#1K\J8(B(footnote omitted)

Consistent with the principle that GATT panel recommendations apply only prospectively, subsection 129(c)(1) provides that where determinations by the ITC or Commerce are implemented under subsections (a) or (b), such determinations have prospective effect only.  That is, they apply to unliquidated entries of merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date on which the Trade Representative directs implementation.  Thus, relief available under subsection 129(c)(1) is distinguishable from relief available in an action brought before a court or a NAFTA binational panel, where, depending on the circumstances of the case, retroactive relief may be available.  Under 129(c)(1), if implementation of a WTO report should result in the revocation of an antidumping or countervailing duty order, entries made prior to the date of Trade Representative's direction would remain subject to potential duty liability.

$B"(#S#A#A$N(BB.1.c.(5)$B%Q%i#3K\J8(B

Since implemented determinations under section 129 may be appealed, it is possible that Commerce or the ITC may be in a position of simultaneously defending determinations in which the agency reached different conclusions.  In such situations, the Administration expects that courts and [NAFTA] binational panels will be sensitive to the fact that under the applicable standard of review, as set forth in statute and case law, multiple permissible interpretations of the law and the facts may be legally permissible in any particular case, and the issuance of a different determination under section 129 does not signify that the initial determination was unlawful.

 

$B#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,JF9q$K%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kA(Whether section 129(c)(1) mandates the United States to take any of the actions and/or not to take any of the actions identified by Canada)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"JF9qK!>e#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,>&L3>J$K%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kAZL@$5$l$J$+$C$?$N$G!"#W#T#OK!>e$bF1>r$,JF9q$K%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kA(6.124-6.126)$B!#(B

$B%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kAl9g$b$7$/$O$H$i$J$+$C$?>l9g$K#W#T#O6(Dj0cH?$H$J$j$&$k$+(B(Whether the actions identified by Canada, if taken or not taken, would infringe the WTO provisions that it has invoked)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"$9$G$K#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$O%+%J%@$NFCDj$7$F$$$kAl9g$b$7$/$O$H$i$J$+$C$?>l9g$K#W#T#O6(Dj0cH?$H$J$k$+H]$+$K$D$$$F8!F$$9$kI,MW$O$J$$!"$H=R$Y$?(B(6.127-6.128)$B!#(B

$B%+%J%@$NBh0lE*(Overall conclusion with respect to Canada$B!G(Bs principal claims)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#6!%#2>r!"#6!%#3>r!"#6!%#6>r(B(a)$B!"%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%06(Dj#1>r!"#9!%#3>r!"#1#1!%#1>r!"#1#8!%#1>r!"Jd=u6b6(Dj#1#0>r!"#1#9!%#4>r!"#2#1!%#1>r!"#3#2!%#1>r$K0cH?$9$k$H$N%+%J%@$N(6.129)$B!#(B

$B!!$J$*!"%+%J%@$O!"#1#2#9>r(B(c)(1)$B$O>&L3>J$K!VL$@6;;$N2a5n$NM"F~!W$K4X$7$F#W#T#O6(Dj@09gE*$J9T@/8+D>$7$r9T$&$3$H$K$h$j#D#S#BG'Dj$rl$r<($7$?$b$N$G$"$j$^$?JF9q$NLsB+(B(undertaking)$B$H$_$J$9$3$H$r5a$a$F$$$?$,!"%Q%M%k$O!"JF9q$NH/8@$OJdB-E*$J(6.130-6.131)$B!#(B

 

$B#3!%(B$B%+%J%@$NGI@8E*

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"%+%J%@$NBh0l$N(6.133-6.134)$B!#(B

 

*$B%Q%M%k$N(B$B7kO@(B

$B!!0J>e$h$j!"%Q%M%k$O!"JF9q$N%&%k%0%"%$%i%&%s%Ir(B(c)(1)$B$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#6!%#2>r!"#6!%#3>r!"#6!%#6>r(B(a)$B!"%"%s%A%@%s%T%s%06(Dj#1>r!"#9!%#3>r!"#1#1!%#1>r!"#1#8!%#1>r!"#1#8!%#4>r!"Jd=u6b6(Dj#1#0>r!"#1#9!%#4>r!"#2#1!%#1>r!"#3#2!%#1>r!"#3#2!%#5>r!"#W#T#O@_N)6(Dj#1#6!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$$$&%+%J%@$Ne$N$h$&$J7kO@$r2<$7$?$3$H$+$i!"#D#S#U#1#9!%#1>r$K4p$E$/4+9p$O9T$o$J$$$H=R$Y$?!#(B

 

 

 

©  2002  Yuka Fukunaga  All Rights Reserved