WT/DS302/R

26 November 2004

Dominican Republic – Measures Affecting the Importation and Internal Sale of Cigarettes

   Complaint by Honduras

Report of the Panel

 

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$B#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T!J@i6eI46e==;MG/$N4X@G5Z$SKG0W$K4X$9$k0lHL6(Dj(B; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994$B!K(B

 

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Mr. Elbio Rosselli (Chairperson)

Mr. Tae-Yul Cho

Mr. Cristian Espinosa Cañizares

 

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$B#3!%0YBX(The Levying of the Foreign Exchange Fee)

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$B#4!%(B$B%?%P%3$NH"$KG<@G0u;f$rE:IU$9$k5AL3!JG<@G0u;fMW7o!K(B(Obligation That Stamps Be Affixed to Cigarette Packets in the Territory of the Dominican Republic (The Tax Stamp Requirement))

$BG<@G0u;fMW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$KH?$7$FM"F~IJ$K$h$jITMx$JBT6x$rM?$($F$$$k$+(B(Whether the tax stamp requirement accords less favourable treatment to imported products in a manner inconsistent with Article III:4 of the GATT 1994)

$B%Q%M%k$O!"r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$HG'$a$?!#-!$^$:!"Ev;v9q$bG'$a$F$$$k$h$&$K!"M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$H$OF1(7.164-166)$B!"-"#3!%#4>r$N!V$K4X$9$k(B(affecting)$B!W$H$$$&8@MU$O$3$l$^$G9-$/2r(internal regulation that affects the internal sale and offering for sale of cigarettes in the domestic market of the Dominican Republic)$B$G$"$k(B(7.167-171)$B!"-#K\7oG<@G0u;fMW7o$O!"7A<0>e$OM"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$NAPJ}$KF1MM$K2]$;$i$l$F$$$k!#$7$+$7!"9q;:%?%P%3$,@8;:2aDx$N0l4D$H$7$FG<@G0u;f$NE:IU$r9T$($P$h$$0lJ}$G!"M"F~%?%P%3$O%I%_%K%+$GHNGd$r9T$&$?$a$KDI2CE*$KG<@G0u;f$NE:IU$H$$$&:n6H!J$$$C$?$s3+Iu$7$F:FEY%;%m%U%!%sJqAu$9$k!K!&HqMQ$rIiC4$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$:!"$^$?>&IJ$N304Q$bB;$J$&$3$H$J$I$+$i!"K\7oAr7o$rOD$a$F$*$j(B(it does modify the conditions of competition in the marketplace to the detriment of imports)$B!"#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$KH?$7$FM"F~IJ$K$h$jITMx$JBT6x$rM?$($F$$$k(B(7.180-198)$B!"-$%I%_%K%+$O!"#G#A#T#T#3!%#1>r$K4p$E$-K\7oAEC – Asbestos$B>e5i0QJs9p$rF'$^$($l$P!"J]8nE*E,MQ$K4X$7$FJL8D$NDI2CE*8!F$$r9T$&I,MW$O$J$$(B(7.199-202)$B!#(B

$BG<@G0u;fMW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$G@5Ev2=$5$l$k$+(B(Whether the tax stamp requirement is justified under Article XX(d) of the GATT 1994)

$B%Q%M%k$O!"r(B(d)$B$G@5Ev2=$5$l$J$$$HG'$a$?!#-!K\7oG<@G0u;fMW7o$,#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$NAr(B(d)$B$NAl9g$K$N$_#G#A#T#T#2#0>r$NCl=q$-$NMW7o$rK~$?$7$F$$$k$+$r8!F$$9$k(B(7.205-208)$B!"-"$^$:!"K\7oG<@G0u;fMW7o$,=eCHq@G$K4X$9$k@GK!$G!"$3$N>CHq@G<+BN$O#G#A#T#T$K0cH?$7$F$$$J$$$HG'$a$k(B(7.209-211)$B!"-#(necessary)$B!WAe5i0QJs9p$rF'$^$($l$P!"=e(relative importance of the common interests or values that the law or regulation to be enforced is intended to protect)$B!"LdBj$H$J$C$F$$$kA(the extent to which the measure contributes to the realization of the end pursued)$B!JA(indispensable)$B$G$J$/$H$bNI$$!K!"LdBj$H$J$C$F$$$kA(restrictive impact of the measure on imported goods)$B$H$$$C$?MW0x$r8!F$$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$!#$3$NE@K\7oG<@G0u;fMW7o$O!"D'@G$H$$$&=EMW$JL\E*$N(International Conference on Illicit Tobacco Trade (ICITT))$B$NJ8=q$d@$3&J]7r5!9=!J#W#H#O!K$N$?$P$3$N5,@)$K4X$9$k@$3&J]7r5!4XOHAH>rLs!J%Q%M%kJs9p;~E@$G$OL$H/8z!##2#0#0#5G/#27n#2#7F|H/8z!K$+$i<(:6$5$l$k$h$&$K!"0lHLE*$K0u;f$,D'@G$N4F;k$NM-8z$J(other less-trade restrictive alternatives)$B$,MxMQ2DG=$G$"$j!JM"=P4k6H$NK\9q$K$*$1$k0u;fE:IU$J$I!K!"2>$K40A4$JD'@G$rL\;X$7$F$$$?$H$7$F$bK\7o$NG<@G0u;fMW7o$,!VI,MW!W$G$"$C$?$H$OG'$a$i$l$J$$(B(7.212-232)$B!#(B

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$B0J>e$h$j!"%Q%M%k$O!"K\7oG<@G0u;fMW7o$O#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$*$j!"$+$D!"#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$K$h$C$F$b@5Ev2=$5$l$J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#(B

 

$B#5!%%?%P%3M"F~Z6b;YJ'MW7o(B(Bond Requirement for Importers of Cigarettes)

$BJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#1#1!%#1>r$K0cH?$9$kM"F~@)8B$+(B(Whether the bond requirement is an import restriction inconsistent with Article XI:1 of the GATT 1994)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#1#1!%#1>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$N%[%s%8%e%i%9$Nr$,BP>]$H$7$F$$$k$N$O!"4X@G$=$NB>$N2]D'6b0J30$NM"=PF~$KBP$9$k6X;_$d@)8B$G$"$k(B(7.247-249)$B!"-"M"F~$KBP$9$k@)8B$H$_$J$5$l$k$?$a$K$O!"J]>Z6b$N;YJ'$,M"F~$r@)8B$9$k>r7o(B(condition that has a limiting effect on importation itself)$B$H$J$C$F$$$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$,!"K\7o$K$*$$$F$OJ]>Z6b$,;YJ'$o$l$F$$$J$$>l9g$K$b%?%P%3$NM"F~$O9T$o$l$F$*$j!"M"F~>r7o$H$7$F5!G=$7$F$$$k$H$O$$$($J$$(B(7.250-255)$B!"-#$5$i$K!"J]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,M"F~%?%P%3$N$_$J$i$:9q;:%?%P%3$K$b2]$;$i$l$F$$$k$3$H$J$I$+$i!"J]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$O#G#A(B$B#T#T#1#1>r$NBP>]$H$$$&$h$j$`$7$m#G#A#T#T#3>r$NBP>]$H$5$l$k$Y$-A(7.256-262)$B!#(B

$BJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$KH?$7$FM"F~IJ$K$h$jITMx$JBT6x$rM?$($F$$$k$+(B(Whether the bond requirement accords less favourable treatment to imported products in a manner inconsistent with Article III:4 of the GATT 1994)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$N%[%s%8%e%i%9$Ne=R$7$?$h$&$K!"M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$H$OF1(7.273)$B!"-"K\7oJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$O!"%?%P%3$N%I%_%K%+9qFb$K$*$1$kHNGd!"HNGd$N$?$a$NDs6!!"9XF~!D!V$KBP$9$k1F6A(B(an effect on)$B!W$,$"$k$H9M$($i$l$k$?$a!"9qFb$K$*$1$kHNGd!"HNGd$N$?$a$NDs6!!D$K4X$9$k9qFb5,@)!V$K4X$9$k(B(affecting)$B!WAr$K4X$9$kZ;YJ'MW7o$,9qFb5,@)!V$K4X$9$k!WA$K4p$E$-$3$Nr$K4X$9$kLdBj$N?3::$K$O1F6A$7$J$$$HG'$a$k(B(7.274-280)$B!"-#J]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,M"F~%?%P%3$KITMx$JBT6x$rM?$($F$$$k$+$K$D$$$F!"%[%s%8%e%i%9$,Z6b;YJ'MW7o$O!"M"F~%?%P%35Z$S9q;:%?%P%3$N$=$l$>$l$K2]$;$i$l$k@G6b$KBP$9$kJ]>Z$H$7$F5!G=$7$F$*$j!"$3$NE@M"F~%?%P%3$K$D$$$F$N$_ITMx$K5!G=$7$F$$$k$H$$$&$3$H$O$G$-$J$$!#M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$KF13[$NJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,2]$;$i$l$F$$$k!J$=$l$K$h$jC10L$4$H$NIiC43[$OM"F~IJ$NJ}$,9b$/$J$k>l9g$b$"$k!K$+$i$H$$$C$F!"M"F~%?%P%3$KITMx$JBT6x$,M?$($i$l$F$$$k$H$$$&$3$H$O$G$-$J$$!#%[%s%8%e%i%9$O!"M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$GJ]>Z6b;YJ'$N%?%$%_%s%0$,0[$J$k$3$H$bITMx$JBT6x$KAjEv$9$k$HZ6b;YJ'MW7o$H$O0[$J$kLdBj$G$"$j!"%Q%M%k$NIUBw;v9`$K$O4^$^$l$J$$!#0J>e$h$j!"J]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,!"M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$N6%Ah>r7o$rOD$a$?$H$O8@$($:!"=>$C$F#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$K$b0cH?$7$F$$$J$$(B(7.281-311)$B!#(B

$BJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$G@5Ev2=$5$l$k$+(B(Whether the bond requirement is justified under Article XX(d) of the GATT 1994)

$B%Q%M%k$O!"J]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,#G#A#T#T#1#1!%#1>r$K$b#3!%#4>r$K$b0cH?$7$F$$$J$$$HG'$a$?$N$G!"#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$K4p$E$/93J[$K$D$$$F$O8!F$$9$kI,MW$,$J$$$H=R$Y$?(B(7.314-315)$B!#(B

$B7kO@(B(Conclusion)

$B!!0J>e$h$j!"%Q%M%k$O!"K\7oJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$O#G#A#T#T#1#1>r$^$?$O#3!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$O$$$($J$$$H7kO@$7$?!#(B

 

$B#6!%$"$kCHq@G$N2]@GI8=`7hDj(B(Determination of the Tax Base for the Purpose of the Application of the Selective Consumption Tax to Certain Imported Cigarettes)

$B#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#2>rBh#1J8$KH?$7$FM"F~%?%P%3$K9q;:%?%P%3$rD6$($k@G6b$,2]$;$i$l$F$$$k$+(B(Whether the tax stamp requirement accords less favourable treatment to imported products in a manner inconsistent with Article III:4 of the GATT 1994)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"CHq@G$r2]$7$F$*$j!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#2>rBh#1J8$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H7kO@$7$?!#-!#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#2>r$NBh#1J8$NF1r$NF1r#29`Bh#1J8$K4X$7$F$O!"%V%i%s%I4V$NAj0c$b9MN8$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$,!":9JLE*>CHq@G$NE,MQ$K4X$7$F$O!"%I%_%K%+$N%?%P%3(BLíder$B$H%[%s%8%e%i%9$N%?%P%3(BViceroy$B$,F1MM$N>.Gd2A3J$GHNGd$5$l$F$*$j!"F1(7.329-336)$B!"-"%I%_%K%+$O!"#2#0#0#4G/#17n#1#4F|!J%Q%M%k@_CV$O#17n#9F|!K$N2~@5$K$h$jM"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$H$K2]$;$i$l$k:9JLE*>CHq@G$OF13[$K$J$C$F$*$j!"$3$NLdBj$O%`!<%H$H$J$C$?$Hl9g$K%Q%M%k$,H=CG2sHr$7$?;vNc$,$"$k$,!"K\7o$O%Q%M%k$N@_CV!JIUBw;v9`7hDj!K8e$K2~@5$,9T$o$l$F$*$j!"2~@5A0$NA(7.338-343)$B!"-#%I%_%K%+$N2]@GI8=`$r7hDj$9$k0lHL86B'$rDj$a$?K!N'$O!"M"F~%?%P%3$H9q;:%?%P%3$H$K0[$J$k2]@GI8=`7hDjJ}K!$rDj$a$F$$$k$,!"$=$l<+BN$H$7$FM"F~%?%P%3$K9q;:%?%P%3$h$j9b$$@G6b$r2]$7$F$$$k$o$1$G$O$J$/(B(That treatment $B!D(B did not lead per se to imported cigarettes being subject to internal taxes in excess of those applied to domestic cigarettes)$B!"$^$?$=$NK!N'$Ne!"#2#0#0#3G/$rDL$8!"(BLíder$B$H(BViceroy$B$N>.Gd2A3J$,F1$8$G$"$C$?$K$b$+$+$o$i$:8eCHq@G$,2]$;$i$l$F$*$j!"#G#A#T#T#3!%#2>rBh#1J8$N0cH?$,$"$C$?$HG'$a$i$l$k(B(7.345-358)$B!"-$$?$@$7!"#2#0#0#4G/#17n$N2~@5$K$h$j!"K\7oA(changed the essence)$B$b$N$G$"$j!"%Q%M%k$NIUBw;v9`$K4^$^$l$J$$(B(7.359-363)$B!#(B

 

$B#7!%:9JLE*>CHq@G4XO"5,Dj!JFC$K!V9qFb;T>l$G:G$bN`;w$7$?;:IJ!W$N7hDj$K4X$7$F!K$N(Administration of Provisions Governing the Selective Consumption Tax, in Particular with respect to Determination of the $B!H(BNearest Similar Product on the Domestic Market$B!I(B)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"CHq@G4XO"5,Dj$Nr(B(a)$B$K0cH?$9$k$HG'Dj$7$?!#-!$^$:!"%[%s%8%e%i%9$,LdBj$H$7$F$$$k5,Dj$,!"#G#A#T#T#1#0!%#1>r$N!VK!Na(B(laws or regulations)$B!W$G$"$k$HG'$a$k(B(7.376-377)$B!"-"%I%_%K%+$O!"K!Na>e$O9q;:%?%P%3$HM"F~%?%P%3$H$KF1$82]@GI8=`7hDj(B$BJ}K!$rMQ$$$k$H$5$l$F$$$k$K$b$+$+$o$i$:!"M"F~%?%P%3$KBP$7$FJL$NJ}K!!J!V9qFb;T>l$G:G$bN`;w$7$?;:IJ!W$HF13[$N:9JLE*>CHq@G$r2]$9!K$rMQ$$$F$$$k!#%I%_%K%+$,K!Na>e$N:,5r$,$J$$J}K!$rMQ$$!"$+$DM"F~%?%P%3$N;T>l2A3J$r9MN8$KF~$l$J$+$C$?$3$H$O!"9gM}E*$G$O$J$$(B(unreasonable)$BK!Na$Nr(B(a)$B$KH?$9$k(B(7.378-388)$B!#(B

$B!!$J$*!"%Q%M%k$O!"#2#0#0#4G/#17n$N2~@50J9_$O>e5-$N$h$&$J:9JLE*>CHq@G4XO"5,Dj$N(7.389-393)$B!#(B

 

$B#8!%:9JLE*>CHq@G2]@G$N$?$a$N%?%P%3$N2A3[7hDj$K4X$9$kD4::$N8xI=(B(Publication of Surveys Used to Determine the Value of Cigarettes for the Purpose of Applying the Selective Consumption Tax)

$B!!%Q%M%k$O!"CHq@G2]@G$N$?$a$ND4::$r8xI=$7$J$+$C$?$3$H$O#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#1#0!%#1>r$K0cH?$9$k$HG'Dj$7$?!#-!K\7o$GLdBj$H$J$C$F$$$kD4::!J%I%_%K%+Cf1{6d9T$K$h$k%?%P%3$NJ?6Q2A3JD4::!K$O!"L@$i$+$K#G#A#T#T#1#0!%#1>r$NK!Na$d;JK!>e$NH=7h$G$O$J$$$7!"$^$?$=$l<+BN9T@/>e$N7hDj$H$$$($k$b$N$G$O$J$$!#$7$+$7!"D4::$O%?%P%3$N2]@GI8=`7hDj$H$$$&9T@/>e$N7hDj$NIT2D7g$JMWAG$r9=@.$9$k$b$N$G$"$j!"#G#A#T#T#1#0!%#1>r$N!V9T@/>e$N7hDj!W$KAjEv$9$k$HG'$a$k(B(7.402-408)$B!"-"%I%_%K%+$,D4::$r8xI=$7$J$+$C$?$H$$$&;v$A$KD4::$K4X$9$k>pJs$r8xI=$7$F$*$i$:(B(failed to publish promptly, and in such a manner as to enable governments and traders to become acquainted with it, the information related to the Central Bank average-price surveys of cigarettes)$B!"#G#A#T#T#1#0!%#1>r$K0cH?$7$?(B(7.409-414)$B!#(B

$B!!$J$*!"%Q%M%k$O!"#2#0#0#4G/#17n$N2~@50J9_>e5-$ND4::$K4p$E$-2]$;$i$l$?:9JLE*>CHq@G$O$9$G$KB8:_$7$F$$$J$$$3$H$+$i!"$3$NE@$K4X$9$k4+9p$O9T$J$o$J$$$H=R$Y$?(B(7.415-419)$B!#(B

 

*$B%Q%M%k$N(B$B7kO@5Z$S4+9p(B

$B%Q%M%k$O!"0J>e$rF'$^$(!"

(a) $B%I%_%K%+$O!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#2!%#1>r(B(b)$B$N2ry5vI=$K!V$=$NB>$NAE@GKt$O2]D'6b!W$rDI2CE*$K5-O?$7$F$$$k$,!"$3$l$OK\7o$GLdBj$H$J$C$F$$$k7P2aE*2]D'6b$d0YBX

(b) $B7P:Q0BDj2=$N$?$a$N7P2aE*2]D'6b$O#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#2!%#1>r(B(b)$B$K0cH?$7$F$$$k!#(B

(c) $B0YBXr(B(b)$B$K0cH?$7$F$$$k!#(B

(d) $B0YBXr(B(b)$B0cH?$O!"#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#1#5!%#9>r(B(a)$B$G@5Ev2=$9$k$3$H$O$G$-$J$$!#(B

(e) $BG<@G0u;fMW7o$O#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#3!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$*$j!"$^$?#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#2#0>r(B(d)$B$G@5Ev2=$9$k$3$H$O$G$-$J$$!#(B

(f) $BJ]>Z6b;YJ'MW7o$,#1#9#9#4G/$N#G#A#T#T#1#1!%#1>r$"$k$$$O#3!%#4>r$K0cH?$7$F$$$k$H$O$$$($J$$!#(B

 

$B%Q%M%k$O!"#D#S#B!JJ6Ah2r7h5!4X!K$,%I%_%K%+$KBP$7>e5-$NAe$N5AL3$KE,9g$5$;$k$h$&5a$a$k$3$H$r4+9p$9$k!#(B

 

$B$J$*!"%Q%M%k$O!"#2#0#0#4G/#17n$N2~@50JA0$KB8:_$7$F$$$?A

(a) $B:9JLE*>CHq@G$K4X$9$kK!$O!"#G#A#T#T#3!%#2>rBh#1J8$K0cH?$7$F$$$J$+$C$?!#(B